Several industries adopted inductive power transfer (IPT) in charging vehicles. An electromagnetic induction-based energization of the vehicle is called inductive power charging. If the power converters are installed in vehicles, then the charger is an onboard charger, and the power converters installed in the charging station is an off-board charger. The types of EV chargers are onboard and off-board. The modes of charging are fast charging and normal charging. The electric current ranges and types decide the charging. The problem associated with conductive charging is safety and charging period. It is a cost-effective and feasible method. The conductive charging ( Mishra et al., 2021) technique is used to power the EV. The complications are transposability and degradation problems. The different swapping techniques are sideways, bottom, and rear. Battery swapping ( Ahmad et al., 2020) technology is a method of swapping the exhausted battery with a moderately or fully charged battery. The different charging methods are battery swapping, conductive charging, and inductive charging ( Yilmaz and Krein, 2013). The dynamic charging system was easily installed on the driving roads. The advantages of wireless charging are safety, convenience, durability, and automatic ( Patil et al., 2017). The volume of the storage device is reduced by wireless charging in driving mode. The required motor rating will be increased due to the rise in battery capacity. The capacity of the battery should be increased to extend the driving range. The problems associated with EVs are battery requirement and charging time. Scientists were warned that the global temperature will increase by 3% in this century ( The Paris Agreement, 2022). The climate agenda was established under the Paris agreement to reduce the emissions of carbon to control global warming, forcing the countries into transport electrification. The human exposure level with its allowable limits developed for the wireless power transfer system is discussed.Įlectrifying road transportation is a promising technology for decarbonizing the transport industry. An economic analysis, electromagnetic compatibility, and interference of the charging system are also analyzed vastly. This article presents a comprehensive overview and challenges involved in a DWPT system such as the design of a power converter, charging couplers, compensation network, foreign object detection system, economic factors, and microgrid-integrated DWPT system. However, the current scenario of different compensators, converters, and design topologies proposed in the dynamic charging system is included. In addition, the impact on the power grid due to the DWPT system and factors involved in microgrid integration are discussed. In this article, the basic topologies, history, and fundamentals of the DWPT charging system are discussed. Moreover, the design of coils in DWPT needs to consider the sensitive misalignment tolerance, safety issues, complex design, and cost factors. An appropriate impedance matching network assists the system during power transfer. The various factors such as wireless charging pads, power electronic converters, compensators, and controllers influence the power transfer rate of the system. The capability of transferring maximum power from the ground surface to the vehicle requires the critical design of the entire DWPT system. So, the powered roadways can potentially decrease the dependency on heavy-sized batteries for EV applications. The on-road wireless charging system reduces the volume of the EV’s battery and charging the vehicle while driving. The recent progress in the dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system brings feasibility to increase the driving range of an electric vehicle (EV). 2Renewable Energy Lab, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 1Electric Vehicle Charging Research Centre, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.Yuvaraja S 1 Narayanamoorthi R 1* Jagabar Sathik Mohamed Ali 2 Dhafer Almakhles 2*
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